The mechanism of action of cocaine involves its interaction with the brain’s neurotransmitter systems, particularly dopamine. Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the brain, leading to an accumulation of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation results in increased stimulation of postsynaptic receptors, particularly dopamine receptors, leading to the characteristic euphoric effects associated with cocaine use
. Additionally, cocaine can have vasoconstrictive effects, impacting blood vessels and contributing to its physiological effects, including increased heart rate and blood pressure.